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Superpowers race to put nuclear reactors on the Moon

scienceOct 4, 20262319

The New York Times reports that the United States is racing to deploy a nuclear reactor on the moon by 2030 while a Russia China partnership is pursuing its own lunar reactor with a target around 2036. Both sides say reactors would supply steady power for lunar bases, mineral extraction and possibly deep space operations, and NASA has accelerated its schedule in part to beat rivals. Scientists and safety experts quoted in the reporting warn of serious risks, including scenarios in which a reactor falling back to Earth could interact with water and become more likely to go critical. Advocates note that small reactors and microreactor technology have precedent in naval use and could solve the two‑week lunar night power gap that limits solar generation. Critics and some engineers counter that long‑duration maintenance, launch failure modes and unclear international rules for nuclear systems in space create unresolved hazards. The timeline pressure and the secrecy around the Russia China effort mean diplomatic and regulatory questions are likely to surface as both programs move toward testing and deployment.

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