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Experts question single 'autism spectrum' as diagnoses surge

scienceNov 1, 20262397

Dame Uta Frith has publicly revised her long-held support for a single autistic spectrum, saying the label has “come to its collapse” as it becomes increasingly broad. Frith told the Guardian she now believes many adults being diagnosed are qualitatively different from people whose autism is evident in early childhood and that some adult diagnoses are driven by social media or reflect other mental-health problems. The Guardian notes a 787% rise in people labelled autistic in the UK between 1998 and 2018, with the increase larger for women and largest among adults, and cites US data showing a 175% rise from 2011 to 2022 concentrated in 26- to 34-year-olds. Frith published a paper in Psychological Medicine warning the term risks shifting from a precise clinical diagnosis to a vague cultural identity category, and she has faced hostile responses after making these claims. The debate raises pressure on clinicians and diagnostic frameworks to clarify who should meet autism criteria and how adult presentations should be distinguished from other conditions.

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